Electric flux over an area in an electric field represents the total number of field lines crossing this area.
The number of field lines crossing a unit area, placed normal to the field at a point is a measure of the strength of electric field at that point.
If we place a small planar element of area ΔS normal to E at a point, the number of field lines crossing it is proportional to E ΔS.
If we tilt the area element by angle θ, the number of field lines crossing the area element will be smaller. The projection of the area element normal to E is ΔS cosθ.
Thus, the number of field lines crossing ΔS is proportional to E ΔS cosθ. Hence
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